Oil-burner



(No Model.) 2Sheets-Sheet1. A. H. CALKINS.

OIL BURNER. No. 583,029. Patented May 25, 1897 7277507117? aZZaz'm 4 E.MFQM fish mom-Una, wAsmmnon. a c

- (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. H. GALKINS. OIL BURNER.

No. 583,029. Patented May 25,1897.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEETQE.

AIJMON II. CAIJKINS, OF EVANSTON, IIJIIINOIS.

OIL-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 583,029, dated May 25, 1897.

Application filed June 7, 1894.

1'0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ALMoN H. CALKINS, of Evanston, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners; I and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the'letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to oil-burning apparatus for use in connection with cooking and heating stoves and other heating apparatus, and embraces improvements in the oil-burner devices proper and also in means for supplying oil to liquid-fuel burners.

The invention is herein shown as applied to a liquid-fuel-burnin g device adapted to be placed in one of the top openings of a stove in lieu of a removed lid; but some of the features of the invention are adapted for use in connection with burners which are placed within a stove or are otherwise applied or used.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a stove equipped with my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the burner with parts broken away to expose parts underneath. Fig. A is a vertical section of the same, taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the burner-plates proper, showing more particularly the meeting faces and iiiterfitting lugs of said plates. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the adjustable clamping devices by'which the supply pipe and tank are secured in position.

As shown in said drawings, A designates the horizontal top plate of a stove, provided with the usual holes a a a a for cooking vessels.

A designates the front of the stove, and A the usual ledge or depending flange of the stove-top.

B indicates'as a whole an oil-burner which rests on the top plate A within the hole a, and C an oil-tank which supplies the burner through a pipe 0, controlled by a valve or screw plug 0', arranged within the an gle-coup- $erial No. 513,76 (No model.)

' ling c of the pipe, as clearly shown in Figs.

1 and 2.

The burner B is constructed as follows: The outer casing D of the burner consists of ashell having a cylindric side wall (I, provided at its upper margin with a flat annular flange 61, adapted to fit and rest within the opening a, and a concave or dish-shaped inclosing bottom (1 In order that the concave bottom d of the shell D may be made relatively thin and light and still possess sufficient strength, flanges d d are cast upon the convex exterior thereof, said flanges being in the present instance arranged at right angles to each other. An opening d large enough to permit the free egress of flame and products of combustion from the burner is provided in one side of the shell for the purpose of directing the heat toward any desired pointas, for instance, toward any one of the holes a a a and in order that said casing may be readily so turned while in place within the stove-opening its bearing-surfaces, which engage both the stove-top and the central part of the burner, are made circular. A clip or eye D is provided upon the upper margin of said plate, within which the ordinary stove-lid lifter may be inserted for applying power to said casing for turning the same. A second inner shell E, provided with a flat annular flange e, somewhat similar in general form to the flange of the shell B, is arranged to fit within and rest upon a rabbet 6, formed in the inner edge of the flange of the said casing B. The sides of the inner shell E converge slightly from top to bottom and terminate at their lower edges in an inturned flange or ledge 6 upon which rests the lower one of two circular heating-plates F F which constitute the burner proper, which is indicated by F, the casing or shell E, except for the ledge e being open at its lower end. Upwardly-projecting lugs or standards E E E, cast integral with the part E, are provided at equal intervals apart around the rim or flange 6. These lugs serve the double purpose of affording standards or rests upon which a suitable vessel may be placed for cooking or the like without shutting off the supply of air to the burner and of holding in place a deflecting-plate hereinafter described.

To now describe the burner F, this is constructed and arranged as follows: The two circular plates F F are provided with central hub portions f 2 f and substantially flat parallel meeting faces, and are each provided with interlocking lugs f f f f, adapted to hold them accurately opposite each other. Each plate F F a is provided with a strengthening-flangef' f extending around its margin and beveled from the periphery of the plate, as clearly shown in Fig. at. The hub portion f of the plate Fis centrally recessed at its outer or upper side and internally screwthreaded for the reception of the end of the supply-pipe 0. Upon the inner face of said plate F is formed a central boss f adapted to enter and fit within a corresponding recess f formed in the hub portion f of plate F The recess or chamber f is slightly deeper than the length of the boss f so that when the latter is in place a small chamber f will be formed at the bottom of the recess f An oil-inletf leads through the boss f to the small chamber, from which latter the oil is diffused between the burner-plates and issues in the form of gas or vapor at the margins of the burner-plates F F. A plurality of airholes F are formed through the burner-plates intermediate to the marginal flanges and the hub portions. In the present instance these holes are three in number, and in order that a more accurate fit may be had between those portions of the faces of the burner-plates immediately surrounding said air-holes, so as to prevent the escape of oil or gas from beneath the burner-plates at these holes, one of said plates-iu this instance, the lower-is cast with slightly-ele\"ated portions f, greatly exaggerated in the drawings,) encircling the apertures F The inner flat face of the opposite plate F is preferably dressed smooth, but the surface of the plate E is commonly no smoother than the surface of a smooth casting, and the raised portions f are dressed down, so as to be almost flush with the face of the plate and made to accurately fit against the dressed face of the plate F.

As a means of holding the biiirner-plates F F in place and firmly clamped together and at the same time providing a deflector for properly directing the inflowing air, an annular plate G is arranged to fit upon and within the upper part of the casing E. This plate G is provided with a depending flange y, fitting within the cylindric part of the easing E and having lugs g, extending inwardly from said flange g, which overhang and rest upon the upper margin of the burner-plate F. In order to clamp the burner-plate G in position, said plate is made large enough in diameter to extend at its outer margin beneath undercut recesses 6 formed in the standards E. Notches g are formed in the margin of the plate, so arranged as to register with the standards Ewhen the plate is properly turned, thereby permitting the easy insertion or removal of the latter. lVedged or gradually-thickened flanges g g g extend from each of said notches for a short distance around the margin of the plate, which, when the plate is placed in position and turned to the right, act upwardly against the overhangin g parts of the standards and thereby clamp the plate firmly down upon its seat and the burner F beneath it. A central air-inlet opening G is provided in the plate G, and in order to properly deflect the current of air the plate G is curved downwardly and inwardly around the margin of the said inlet. The said plate G is shown as serrated at its inner margin, but this particular feature is not essential.

As a convenient means of readily adjusting and securing the supply pipe and tank to stoves of different conformations and sizes I have herein shown anovel device, as follows: II, Fig. (i, is a tubular casting provided on one side with an upwardly-curved lug' or bracket h, adapted to extend beneath the ledge A of a stove, and with a horizontal lug h, adapted to rest upon the ledge above the lug h. A set-screw 7L2 serves to clamp the ledge between said lugs and to hold the casting in place. A second casting I, provided with a passage 1, fits within the tubular casting II and is seen red therein by a second set-screw t. The passage of the casting I is somewhat larger than the exterior diameter of the supply-pipe c and is concave at its lower side to receive the latter. At one side, preferably its upper one, the passage is constructed to form a suitable bearing for the upper side of a wedge J, which latter is shown as made with fiat sides to engage the casting I. The wedge is concave on its inner side, so as to fit the pipe, and is provided at its larger end with a longitudinally-apertured head j, through which the pipe 0 passes. By forcing the wedge within the passage 1 the pipe is firmly and reliably secured therein.

The operation of the burner thus constructed is as follows: Oil fed from the tank through the supply-pipe passes through the centrallyapertured hub into the small chamber f From thence it rises and is spread out between the burner-plates on its way to the marginal opening between said plates, at which point it is ignited and burns in an annulardownwardly-deflected flame. The form of the surrounding casing E, adjacent to the burner-plates, serves to deflect the sheet of flame horizontally toward the center of the burner and adjacent tothe under surface of the bu rner-plates,thereby causing the burnerplates to become extremely hot, and thereby securing the vaporization of the liquid fuel and the heating of the vapor to a high temperature before it issues from between said plates. Any of the heavier portions or impurities contained in the oil will be collected at the bottom of the chamber f where they will be subjected to such a high degree of heat as will insure their vaporization before they pass out between the burner-plates, the flames being directed against said hub by the flange of the casing E, as hereinbefore described. This insures that the vapor or gas will issue from between the plates in a steady uninterrupted stream and burn steadily and with great regularity. Air entering at the central opening of the casing G is deflected against the upper burnerplate F and heated to a considerable extent before reaching the burning jet at the margin of the plate, thus intensifying the combustion. Part of the air thus deflected against the upper burner-plate will pass through the apertures through said plates and meet the flames at a point below the same, thus affording an additional supply of fresh air or oxygen to the flames. This also aids materiallyin intensifying the combustion and insuring complete and perfect burning of the gas produced. The body of the flame thus produced is directed out through the opening in the side of the casing in any desired direction, whether it be toward the bottom of a vessel placed in an adjoining hole, towardthe oven of the stove, or elsewhere.

I claim as my invention 1. A burner for the top of a stove, comprising a circular casing adapted to rest in the hole of a stove-top, and two horizontally-arranged circular burner-plates, located within said casing, at the center of which the fuel is supplied and at the margins of which it is burned, said casing being provided with an air-inlet opening located centrally above said burner-plates, and an exit-opening located centrally below said plates, said exit-opening being formed by means of an inturned flange located below the level of said burner-plates and form ed on the lower edge of the side wall of the casing, said flange being adapted to deflect the flame from the margin of the burnerplates inwardly beneath and in contact with the same, substantially as described.

2. A burner for liquid fuel comprising two horizontally-arran ged circular burner-plates, the lowermost of said plates being provided with a centrally-dependin g hub or projection made hollow or provided with a recess or depression, and the uppermost of said plates being provided with a depending hub or projection fitting the central recess of the lower plate, and an oil-supply pipe communicating with said central recess through the upper plate, substantially as described.

3. A burner for liquid fuel comprising horizontally arranged circular burner -plates, a circular casing surrounding said burnerplates and having an inturned deflectingflange at its lower edge, and air-openings extending through the burner-plates whereby a part of the air supplied to the burner will pass through the said plates and meet the flame deflected by the flange below the burner-plates, substantially as described.

4. A burner for liquid fuel comprising horizontally-arranged burner-plates, a casing sur rounding the same and having side walls which terminate at their lower margins in an inturned deflecting-flange, a deflecting-plate located over the top of said casing and provided with a central inlet-opening whereby air supplied to the burner is directed against the upper surface thereof, and air-openings in said burner-plates, substantially as described.

5. A burner for liquid fuel comprising circular burner-plates, a casing surrounding the burner-plates, the lowermost of said plates being provided with marginal projections or lugs engaging the casing, a deflecting-plate provided with a central inlet-opening and located over said burner-plate, means for looking the said deflecting-plate in place upon the said casing, and depending lugs on the said deflecting-plate en gaging the burner-plates to hold the latter in place, substantially as described.

6. The combination with a burner for liquid fuel having a central exit for flame at its bottom, of a casing inclosing said burner at the sides and bottom and provided with a lateral aperture for the exit of the flame from the burner, said casing having rotatable engagement with the burner whereby the opening may be turned in any direction desired, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a burner for liquid fuel having an exit opening for flame at its bottom, of an outer casing inclosing said burner at the sides and bottom thereof with an exit-opening for the products of combustion, said casing having a circular bearingsurface in contact with the burner whereby it is adapted to be turned within the stovetop opening so as to direct the flame from the burner in any desired direction, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a burner for liquid fuel comprising circular, horizontally arranged burner-plates and a casing for the same provided with an air-inlet at its top and an exit-opening at its bottom, and having a circular supporting-flange, of an outer casing inclosing said burner at its sides and bottom and constructed at its upper edge to receive the supporting flange of the burner casing and having an outwardly-extending supporting-flange to engage a stove-top, said casing being provided at one side thereof with an exit-opening for the products of combustion, substantially as described.

9. As a means of attaching a horizontal pipe to a stove-top, a tubular part provided with clamping devices by which it may be secured to the stove-top and asecond part having a pivotal connection with the tubular part and having at its upper endatransverse passage adapted to receive a pipe, and a wedge for holding the pipe within said passage, which wedge is provided with an inte gral ring which surrounds the pipe to maintain the wedge in operative position, substantially as described.

10. Asa means of attaching a horizontal pipe to a stove-top, a tubular part provided with clamping devices by which it may be secured to the st0ve-top and a second part having a pivotal connection with the tubular part and having at its upper end a transverse passage adapted to receive a pipe, and a wedge for holding the pipe within said passage, which wedge is provided with an integral ring which surrounds the pipe to maintain the wedge in operative position, said pivotal connection of the second part with the tubular part embracing a cylindric stem on the second part engaging a socket on the tubular part, and a set-screw passing through said socket and engaging said stem to hold the parts in adjustable relation, substantially as described.

11. The combination withaburnerforliquid fuel adapted to be placed within a hole in the top of a stove, of a casing inclosing said burner at the sides and bottom and provided with a lateral aperture for the exit of flame arranged to direct said flame toward a desired point within the stove, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALMON ll. CALKINS.

\Vitnesses:

C. CLARENCE PooLE, \V. L. HALL. 

